The Boomerang Nebula is the coldest location in the known universe: it measures at roughly 2 degrees colder than empty space! This nebula is the result of the death of a red giant star, and the extreme temperature is caused by the rapid expansion of the nebula. According to thermodynamics, if you expand a gas you, cool a gas (just try using one of those compressed air cans for cleaning electronics). However, according to astronomers, a single star's death could not account for a strong enough

In June 2017, the American south west experienced some of the hottest temperatures felt in a long time. It was hot enough to ground air planes, and even caused some deaths. NASA's Aqua satellite measured the temperature on the surface of the Earth during the heat wave, and here is some of the results.