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Aviation

Delve into real-life accounts of aviation in the Second World War, learn about asteroids, and find tips on how to observe upcoming celestial events.

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Wilbur R. Franks and his anti-gravity suit, 1962. Source: University of Toronto Archives

Franks Flying Suit

Ingenium – Canada's Museums of Science and Innovation

The Franks Flying Suit helped fighter pilots fly to the edge of human performance. The Franks Flying Suit was a Canadian innovation, the world’s first anti-gravity suit used in combat. Designed by Dr Wilbur Franks, the suit used water pressure to counter gravitational effects — or G forces — on pilots when they performed turns, rolls, or other manoeuvres. G forces forced blood to collect or pool in the pilot’s lower body, restricting blood flow to the brain: the pilot could then black out or

Curtiss JN-4 (Can.) and JN-4a airplanes during First World War. Artist: Robert W. Bradford Date: ca. 1966. Source: Ingenium 1967.0891

Curtiss JN-4 Aircraft

Ingenium – Canada's Museums of Science and Innovation

The Curtiss JN-4 “Canuck” first earned its reputation as a trainer aircraft during the First World War and later won praise as a jack-of-all trades in postwar aviation. The two-seater Canuck was an improved version of an earlier design and was closely related to the American-made Curtiss JN-4 Jenny. Taking its first flight in 1917, the Canuck — known for its stability — became the standard flight trainer for the British and American air forces during the war. Many Canadians, who later served in

First flight of the Silver Dart immortalized in a painting by Robert W. Bradford , 1965 Source: Ingenium 1967.0893

Silver Dart

Ingenium – Canada's Museums of Science and Innovation

The Silver Dart made the first powered flight in Canada when it lifted off the frozen surface of Bras d’Or Lake on February 23, 1909. Piloted by J. A. D. McCurdy, the Silver Dart’s designer, the flight took place at Alexander Graham Bell’s retreat in Baddeck, on Cape Breton Island in Nova Scotia. McCurdy was a member of the Aerial Experiment Association (AEA), which Bell’s wife Mabel funded to support a team of aircraft researchers that also included engine designer Glenn Curtiss, engineer F. W

Sidney van den Bergh in 1968. Source: Dutch National Archives. Author: Ron Kroon / Anefo

Eyes on the sky: a life dedicated to the mysteries of the galaxies

Algonquin college

Bryson Masse Algonquin College Journalism Program His father wanted Sidney van den Bergh to keep astronomy as merely a hobby, hoping he would one day choose a more practical career. But van den Bergh insisted on pursuing astronomy, helping to expand our knowledge of the galaxies. If he had chosen differently we would have missed his contributions to the study of stellar phenomena like globular clusters, nebulas and supernovae. Born in 1929 in the Netherlands, van den Bergh completed his doctoral

Wallace Turnbull.

Propelling aeroplane history

Algonquin college

Daniel Prinn Algonquin College Journalism Program Wallace Turnbull, an aeronautical engineer, was best known for his contribution to Canadian aviation by inventing the variable pitch propeller – a type of propeller that allows the blades to rotate around a long axis, thus changing the blade pitch. His variable-pitch propeller was successfully tested in flight in 1927 in Ontario. The device was designed to adjust the angle in which the propeller blades cut the air. It provided safety and

McCurdy sits in a Curtiss JN-4 bi-plane in 1911. Source: City of Toronto Archives Photo, Fonds 1244, Item 79.

J.A.D. McCurdy: Reaching new heights

Algonquin college

Daniel Prinn Algonquin College Journalism Program John Alexander Douglas McCurdy was the first Canadian to ever pilot an aircraft. Not only that, but he was the first person to fly a plane so far over the sea that he couldn’t see the shore. His goal was to fly over the Straights of Florida from Key West to Havana – thus setting a new world record for distance flown over open water. The Havana Post and the city of Havana, Cuba, had offered McCurdy $8,000 to be the first person to fly the 94-mile

Elsie MacGill during her CCF tenure. Source: Library and Archives Canada, reference number: PA-139429

Elsie MacGill, Canada’s Amelia Earhart

Algonquin college

Molly Gatt Algonquin College Journalism Program Since the first practical airplane was developed by the Wright Brothers in 1905, aeronautical engineers have strived to make the best possible aircrafts for love and war. Incidentally, 1905 was the same year that Canadian scientist Elizabeth MacGill was born. Today, she is also known as Elsie, or the Queen of the Hurricanes. Most notable for her work during WWII, MacGill was chief of engineering in the development of the Hawker Hurricanes. She

Armand Bombardier, seated at the wheel of the Bombardier military snowmobile in 1943. Credit: Library and Archives Canada reference number WRM 276.

J. Armand Bombardier

Algonquin college

Patrick Jodoin Algonquin College Journalism From a young age, Joseph-Armand Bombardier had an interest in mechanics and wanted to find ways to solve transportation problems caused by harsh Canadian winters. In fact, by the time he was a teenager, Bombardier had already built his first snowmobile. Bombardier was born in 1907 in rural Quebec. His parents sent him to a seminary to become a priest, but after three years, Bombardier’s preoccupation with engines prevailed and he began studying

Beneath the Surface

Beneath the Surface

Western University

Western University researcher, Peter J. Schultz, built the first positronic beam device in Canada and used it to advance the study of solid surfaces and thin films in the 1980s and 1990s. This technology allows aviation inspectors to detect damage to material at an atomic level before any visible damage is apparent.

A drawing of a CF-105 Arrow. Source: Library and Archives Canada/a111546

William Kuzyk and the CF-105 Arrow

Library and Archives Canada

In 1949, Alberta native William Kuzyk graduated from the University of Toronto with a degree in aeronautical engineering. Upon graduation, he was hired full-time by A.V. Roe Canada Ltd., and he spent the next 10 years working for the cutting-edge aeronautical company. While at A.V. Roe, Kuzyk held a number of positions including Flight Test Engineer, Senior Aerodynamics Engineer and Project Research Engineer. In 1956, he was assigned to work on the CF-105 Arrow (or Avro Arrow). First designed in

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